Example : He has virtually no understanding of social cause and effect.

Synonyms : apprehension, discernment, savvy

Example : They had an agreement that they would not interfere in each other's business.
There was an understanding between management and the workers.

Synonyms : agreement

Example : His sympathies were always with the underdog.
I knew I could count on his understanding.

Synonyms : sympathy

Example : We are told that man is endowed with reason and capable of distinguishing good from evil.

Synonyms : intellect, reason

Example : An understanding friend.